Geography

Chapter –7 Lifelines Of National Economy

Balance of trade: Relation between nation’s exports and imports. Balance of payment: It is a comprehensive record of economic transactions of the residents of a country with the rest of the world during the given period of time. Exports: When a nation sends its home manufactured products to outside countries, these are called exports. Foreign Exchange: It is the exchange of currency of one country with the currency of another country. Golden quadrilateral: It is a network of roads which connect Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkatta.
Harbor: It is a deep coast of sea which provides shelters to the sea going vessels. Imports: When citizens of a country consume the products of other countries these are known as imports. Mass communication: The means of communication through which one can communicate with several people at the same time.

Q.1.Who maintains districts roads?

Ans.Zila Parisad.

Q.2.What is the objective of the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojna?

Ans.Under the scheme, special provisions are made so that every village in the country is linked to a major town in the country by all season motorable roads.

i). Silcher and Porbandar are the extreme stations which are connected by the East-West Corridor.
ii). Delhi and Amritsar are the extreme cities which are connected by the NH 1.
iii). The border roads are maintained by the Border Roads Organisation.
iv). The length of road per 100 sq km is known as the density of roads.
v). The total length of inland navigation waterways of India is 14,500 km.
vi) Port: The part of harbor where goods are loaded and unloaded from the ships is called a port.
vii). Vishakhapatnam is the deepest landlocked port.

Q.3.What do you mean by unfavorable balance trade?

Ans. If the value of imports of a country is more than the value of its exports, than the situation is known as an unfavorable balance of trade.

Q.4. What are Super Highways? Name any two roads which have been constructed under this project.

Ans.The Super Highways have been planned to meet the requirements of the fast movement of traffic. The government has launched a major road development project linking Delhi-Kolkatta-Chennai-Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane Super Highway:

i). The North-South corridors linking Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) and Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu).
ii). East-West Corridor connecting Silcher (Assam) and Porbander (Gujarat).

Q.5. What are National Highways? What is their importance? Mention any two points.

Ans.The main roads which are constructed and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (C.P.W.D.) are known as National Highways. These roads connect the state capitals, big cities, and important ports. Importance:

i). The National Highways maintain the availability of essential products. The state to state trade is possible because of the National Highways.
ii). All the essential products like raw materials, finished products, vegetables, food grains, etc. are transported through these roads.

Q.6.Distinguish between Metalled Roads and unmetalled Roads

Ans.Metalled roads

i). These are made up of cement, concrete or even bitumen of coal.
ii). These are all weathered rocks.
iii). Most of the urban roads are metalled roads.

Unmetalled roads
i).These are made up of soil.
ii). These go out of use in the rainy season.
iii).Most of the rural roads are generally unmetalled roads.