History

Q.8.Who wrote Gulamgiri? What was its theme?

Ans.Gulamgiri was written by Jotibha Phule. It is written about the injustice of the caste system.

Q.9.Why was Vernacular Press Act passed in 1858?

Ans.The Act was passed to enable the government to censor reports and editorials of vernacular press.

Q.10.What led to print revolution?

Ans.The shift from hand printing to mechanical printing led to the print revolution.

Q.11.Describe the role of scribes in the production of books in the early medieval period.

Ans.

1. Scribes were the trained skilled handwriters and copyists of the manuscripts.
2.In ancient and medieval period before the printing was widespread, the scribes were in great demand.
3.Even after the demand for books increased book fairs were held at different places. Production of handwritten manuscripts was also organized in new ways to meet the demand.
4. Scribes were not only employed by wealthy or influential patrons but also by a large number of booksellers. More than 50 scribes often worked for a single bookseller.

Q.12.Explain the factors responsible for the invention of new printing technology.

Ans.

1. The production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever increasing demand for books.
2.Copying was an expensive, labourious and time consuming exercise.
3. Manuscripts were fragile(easily broken), difficult to handle and could not be cared for read easily
4.Though woodblock printing was popular there was clearly a need for quicker and cheaper reproduction of texts.

Q.13.Describe the main features of the first printed Bible.

Ans.

The Bible was the first printed book in Europe. This book at first resembled the original book in appearance and layout.
1.The metal letter types imitated the ornamental handwritten styles.
2. Borders were decorated by hand with foliage and other patterns.
3.No two copies were the same.
In the books printed for the rich, space for decoration was kept blank on the printed page. Each purchaser could choose the design and the painter that he/she liked

Q.14.Effect of the invention of printing press.

Ans.

1. Emergence of new reading public.
2. Printing reduced the cost of books.
3 .Reduction in the time and labour in producing a book.
4. Multiple copies of a book could be produced with greater ease.
5. Books flooded the market reaching out to an ever-growing readership.
6 .Access to books crated a new culture of reading.