Chapter – 6 Staffing (10 marks)

EXPLAIN “JOB ROTATION”, “VESTIBULE TRAINING” AND “INTERNSHIP” AS METHODS OF TRAINING? – 6 MARKS

Or

What are the METHODS used for training of workers? 6 marks CBSE-1992

Job Rotation: (on the job training)

Under this method, an employee is periodically rotated from one job to another to acquire knowledge and general background of all the jobs.
Advantage: New comers get knowledge of several business situations.
Drawback: It prevents specialisation of a particular job.

Apprenticeship training: (on the job training)

It is a practical form of training whereby the trainee is placed under the control and supervision of an experienced person. He observes how the work is done and thus learns from him. He is in a way assistant to the experienced person. People seeking to enter skilled trades like plumber, electrician, etc. are often required to undergo this training under the guidance of a master worker.

Vestibule training: (Off the job training)

Under this method, employees learn their jobs on the equipment they will be using, but the training is conducted away from the actual work floor. It is generally used to train employees on sophisticated modern equipments and machinery.

Internship training (Off the job training)

This refers to a joint programme of training in which technical institutes and business enterprises cooperate to enable the students to gain practical training of the theoretical knowledge gained in the classroom. Classroom principles are better understood against a practical background in a factory. It is not a service contract but during this period normally a stipend is paid to the student.

What is meant by INCENTIVE?

• Incentive means
  • Paying a guaranteed minimum remuneration irrespective of whether there has been an output or not.
  • Plus paying additional remuneration for larger output
    • For saving time
    • For reducing costs; and
    • For better workmanship

Your subordinate expect new source of motivation at every subsequent stage. Suggest any 4 MONETARY AND ANY 3 NON MONETARY SOURCES, giving a sentence for each source, how it will inspire them

Or

Explain the various types of INCENTIVES which may be used to motivate employees with suitable examples ( 6 marks)

There are two types of incentives – monetary and non-monetary incentives.

Monetary incentives (financial incentives):

• They are monetary benefits paid in cash or kind or both.
• They are generally used to motivate workers and non-managerial employees.
• The various sources of monetary incentives are:
• Profit sharing – incentives given to workers for higher productivity and greater profitability.
• Co partnership- workers get their usual wages + a share in profits + a share in management of the company.
• Bonus – It is a one time reward in cash, kind or any other form offered to workers for higher performance
• Suggestion system: It is an incentive given to a worker when his suggestions results in either increased profits or reduced costs. The amount of reward varies according to the value of the suggestions.

Non-Monetary incentives: (non financial incentives)

• They do not involve cash but satisfy ego and self -esteem.
• They are generally used to motivate higher level of management.
• The various sources of non monetary incentives are: (sarp)
  • Supervisory relationship: coordination with supervisors enhances commitment to work and motivates employees to work efficiently and effectively.
  • Assigning Challenging jobs – Repetitive work creates monotony in work. In order to create interest in the work, employees should be assigned challenging jobs. When the challenging tasks are successfully performed, it gives a sense of satisfaction to the employees, which should also be suitably rewarded.
  • Recognition – Praise or recognition has a great impact when given on received and helps in improving the attitude of employee and motivates them to perform better.
  • Participation in management decisions: employees should be encouraged to participate in management decisions. Good suggestions and comments from employees should be acknowledged and implemented.

4 marks definite question on time rate and piece rate wage system (v. important)

You are the representative of workers in a factory and want to impress upon the management the need for introducing time rate system in place of piece-rate system of wage payment. What four reasons would you like to give to the management to justify your point of view? Explain in brief.
(Give any four advantages of time rate wage system)

As a worker’s representative, I would prefer the time rate wage system due to its following advantages:

• It is simple to calculate the wages and therefore easily understood by workers.
• It provides stable income to employees so they can plan their expense budgets.
• Workers are therefore not in a hurry to complete the job and can therefore pay more attention to quality of their work. There is no rough handling of machinery, tools and equipment.
• As the workers work sincerely and honestly, constant supervision is not required which reduces production and administration costs.
• It is favoured by trade unions as workers are treated at par on the basis of their output and efficiency.