CBSE Guess > Papers > Question Papers > Class X > 2008 >Social Science > Social Science

Q. 23. Explain two achievements and two difficulties of local self governments in India. 2×1+2×1=4

Ans. Achievements: (i) Local self governments make it possible for the people at the local level to directly participate in decision making. This helps to inculcate a habit of democratic representation. Thus constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen democracy in our country. (ii) Local self governments also have helped to increase women’s voice and representation in our democracy. Difficulties: (i) While elections are held regularly and enthusiastically, Gram Sabhas are not held regularly. (ii) Most State Governments have not transferred significant powers to the Local Governments nor have they given them adequate resources.

Q. 24. What is social division? Explain three factors of the politics based on social division. 1+3×1=4

Ans. See Q. 1, Q. 2 and Q. 3, Textbook Questions, Chapter 3. Page PS-22

Q. 25. How can the Government make the benefits of globalisation available to all sections of the society? Give any four possible steps. 4×1=4

Ans. The Government may take steps in providing the benefits of globalisation in the areas mentioned:
(i) Better access to world markets in textile goods. Ensure that this is available to small producers of high quality woven cloth in silk and cotton all over India.
(ii) Better access to world markets in engineering goods. Choose the smaller centres of production of engineering tools etc. in places like Punjab, West Bengal etc. and spread knowledge of the world markets among the micro-producers.
(iii) Benefits of outsourcing even to small towns by drawing in the local young unemployed youth.
(iv) Access to better technologies. Place emphasis on the imports of modern technology that can be used by small micro industries all over the country.

Q. 26. What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? Which agency fulfils the task of measuring GDP in India? Explain how it measures GDP.

Ans. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is the value of total produce in a given year of the primary, secondary and tertiary (service) sectors minus the raw materials (like jute, cotton) and intermediate goods (like motorparts produced for car industry). This is to avoid double counting. CSO (Central Statistical Organisation) of Government of India fulfils the task of measuring GDP in India. GDP can be measured in three ways.
(i) We can count the value of what has been produced in the country in a given year, not counting either raw materials or intermediate goods used in domestic production (This is to avoid double counting).
(ii) Similarly, if we add the incomes earned in a given year in production, we will get the income measure of GDP.
(iii) In the same way we can get the GDP by counting all the payments made in the year. If there are no mistakes made in the three ways of counting, each will give the same value of GDP.

Q. 27. What do the banks do with the deposits which they accept from the public? Explain. 4

Ans. Banks keep a small proportion of their deposits as cash with themselves. These days banks hold about 15 percent of their deposits as cash. This is kept as provision to pay the depositors who might come to withdraw money from the bank. Since on any particular day, only some of its depositors come to withdraw cash so the bank is able to manage with the available cash.
Banks use the major portion of the deposits to extend loans. Banks make use of the deposits to meet the loan requirements of the people. In this way, banks mediate between those who have surplus funds (the depositors) and those who are in need of these funds (the borrowers). Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits. The difference is the main income of the bank.

Social Science 2008 Question Papers Class X
Delhi		Outside Delhi		Compartment Delhi		Compartment Outside Delhi
	All Sets(PDF)				Set 1		Set 1
					Set 2		Set 2
					Set 3		Set 3