Rural Administration

The Minimum Needs Programme was introduced in the first year of the Fifth Five Year Plan. The objective of the Programme was to set up a network of basic services and facilities of social consumption in all the areas upto nationally-accepted norms, within a particular time-frame. The programme is intended to assist in raising living standards and in reducing the regional disparities in development. The basic needs of the people accredited for this programme are elementary education, adult education, rural health, rural roads, rural electrification, rural housing, environmental improvement of urban slums and nutrition.

Courage, confidence, sympathy for victims of crime and weaker sections, capacity to withstand extended working hours, stress management, respect for law, and cool temperament are some of the attitudes needed by the police officers to carry out their jobs effectively.

The objective of the Programme was to set up a network of basic services and facilities of social consumption in all the areas upto nationally-accepted norms, within a particular time-frame.

The following are some of the responsiblities of police:-

• Maintaining the dignity of the individual by safeguarding his/her fundamental rights.
• Implement the law impartially.
• Investigating crimes and the arrest offenders.
• Maintaining a feeling of security in the community.
• Protection of weaker sections of the society.
• Helping in natural calamities, emergencies and disasters as the first responders.
• Retaining the effective working relations with every sub system of criminal justice system.

Patwari is responsible for a group of villages.

His major functions includes:-

1. Maintaining and updating the records of the village.
2. The land maps and the corresponding details are kept by the Patwari.
3. Responsible for organizing the collection of land revenue.
4. Report the serious calamities affecting the land or the crops and the severe outbreaks of diseases amongst men and animals.
5. He must help the headman in revenue collection.
6. He keeps up a diary and a work book. The entries should be made on the day on which the events come to the notice of the patwari.

The Collector is the principal Revenue Officer and Head of the Revenue Administration in the district. He exercises appellate jurisdiction in revenue cases. The recovery of arrears of land revenue in respect of all Departments is the responsibility of the Collector.

The main functions of the District Collector are as follows- Collector is in charge of law and order administration in the district. He/She performs the supervisory role over the Police Administration. He/She advises the Government on various aspects of law and order. He is the pivotal figure in carrying out the developmental programmes.

In today's world technology such as computers, mapping software and GIS (geographic information system) software had done wonders to the land records department. The data is easily available to the people and is regularly updated.

There are several reasons for which land records are compulsory. Suppose a farmer wants to buy a plot or field, then he needs to authenticate it, this can be done thought the land records. If a farmer wants a loan from the bank to dig a well in his land, he had to show the land records to proof that the land belongs to him. Moreover, these records are also essential for buying and selling of their properties. Last but not the least, if the farmer wants to divide his property among his children, then the land records are essential.

The 2005 Act rectifies various gender inequalities persisting on several fronts such as agricultural land, Mitakshara joint family property, parental dwelling house, and certain widow's rights. In the new law sons, daughters and their mothers can get equal share in the land. This law benefitted a large number of women in achieving their property rights.

There are a numerous problems been faced by the working of the rural Police Stations like:-
lack of proper infrastructure, absence of essential minimum needs and facilities for the staff, lack of proper equipment, insufficient residential accommodation of the staff, absence of quicker modes of transportation and communication and lesser salaries.

Farmers may require a copy of his land records due to the following reasons:

1. He/she wants to sell or buy the land.
2. He/she wants loan from the bank: To dig tube well or buy tractor etc.
3. When the farmer divides his property.

According to this law, women in India can get a share in the family's agricultural land. The daughter is allotted the same share as is allotted to a son. The government passed this act to remove gender discriminatory provisions in the Hindu Succession Act of 1956.

The khasra record of the Patwari gives you information regarding the plot of land owned by the people. The Patwari is the kingpin in the land record system in the villages. On the Khasra map, one could see the exact shape and size of every field, every well and every large tree. Every field is numbered and the khasra records the name of the actual cultivator, the one who was in physical possession of the field.

One has to register the FIR (First Information Report) in the police station that comes under their area. Every police station has an area that comes under its control. People living in that area can report the police about any theft, accident, injury etc. It is the duty of the police of that station to enquire, to investigate and take action on the cases within its area.

Tehsildar of a district is assigned to check the seasonal conditions of crops and listen to the difficulties of the cultivators. He also tour the areas affected by the natural calamities like flood, drought, earthquake etc. and provide relief to the people. On his return from village tour, he prepares reports and recommends it to the government regarding the relief fund to the affected people. He is assisted by a Naib Tehsildar in his work.

The new law of succession - Hindu succession Amendment Act, 2005. In the new law, sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the family property.

There are a numerous problems been faced by the working of the rural Police Stations like:-
lack of proper infrastructure, absence of essential minimum needs and facilities for the staff, lack of proper equipment, insufficient residential accommodation of the staff, absence of quicker modes of transportation and communication and lesser salaries.

The objective of the Programme was to set up a network of basic services and facilities of social consumption in all the areas upto nationally-accepted norms, within a particular time-frame.

'Chowkidar' in a village keeps birth and death record and also works as a messenger between people and gram Panchayat or any government agency related with the welfare of the village.

The public services that are available in the villages of India are the milk society, the fair price shop, the bank, the police station, the agricultural society for seeds and fertilizers and the post office etc.

One has to register the FIR (First Information Report) in the police station that comes under their area. Every police station has an area that comes under its control. People living in that area can report the police about any theft, accident, injury etc. It is the duty of the police of that station to enquire, to investigate and take action on the cases within its area.