Getting To Know Plants

Weeds are unwanted plants that start growing in a field or plot.

Herbs, shrubs and trees.

Plants with green and tender stems are called herbs.

Hard.

True

Short

Trees have hard and thick brown stem.

Tall

Tomato

Creepers

Lemon

Climbers

Mango and banyan

Stem

Roots

True

Petiole

The design made by veins in a leaf is called leaf venation.

Oxygen

Lamina

Water comes out of leaves in the form of vapour. This is called transpiration.

Veins, midrib

Money plant

Wheat

Leaves

Transpiration

Tap root and fibrous root

Tap root, lateral roots

Jointed sepal-hibiscus and separated sepal-jasmine.

Petals, sepals, pistil and stamens

Anther and filament.

Flower

Fibrous roots

True

Pistil

False

Pistil

True.

Ovary

True

Xerophytes are plants that live in desert.

Plants that live on land and need neither too much nor little water are mesophytes.

The plant that lives in water is hydrophyes.

Rice belongs to angiosperms, which are come in the category of flowering plants.

Angiosperms are come in the category of flowering plants. Which contain leaves, flowers, fruits and roots.

The stem is the strongest part of a tree, its hold the plant upright.in tree is known as trunk.

China rose is a shrub.

The plants complete their life cycle during one growth season, called annual plant.

Those plant lives for several years, called perennials.

Banyan tree lives for several years. Those plant lives for several years, called perennials.

Seeds vary in shape, size, shape and structure. They are broadly two types monocot and dicot. Seeds having one seed leaf or cotyledon called monocot.

Seeds having two seed leaf or cotyledon called dicot. Beans have two seed leaf.

Herbs do more than simply adding flavour and colour to your favourite dishes, their healing and restorative powers are pretty impressive too

Herbs are very small sized plant. They have a soft and weak stem. They are generally short leaved so suitable to grow in garden.

Bay leave, Coriander leave and Basil leaves are herbs while Hibiscus is shrub.

Hibiscus, Rose, Arabian Jasmine are shrubs while Basil are herbs.

Aloe is a shrub, while lavender, sage and parsley are herb.

A woody plant which is smaller than tree and has several main stems arising at is called shrubs or bush.

Coriander is an herb.

Funnel, lemon grass and mint are shrubs.

Autotrophs are those organisms which are capable of synthesizing their own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs.

Spirogyra is an algae. Rhizopus is fungi. Moss and Riccia are bryophyta.

Plants lives in desert are called zerophytes. Cactus is found in desert area

Balsam is annual plant while onion, carrot and radish are biennial i.e. grows for two season.

The root is the part of a plant that grows into soil. When a seed germinates, roots develop from radicles and shoot from plumule.

Certain root system has a main root called the tap root. It grows vertically down into the soil.

Some plant does not have one main root. They have many fibre like roots. These are called fibrous roots. This type of root system is found in grass.

Carrot, Radish beetroot are grown inside the soil while wheat is grown on above the ground

Roots also respire and obtain oxygen from soil, modified for storage of food .some plants hang climbing roots which help them get a foothold.

Calyx is the outermost portion of the flower consists of a whorl consisting of green, leaf like structure.

Radish is underground root.

Roots hold and fix the plant to ground and prevent it from being blown away by strong wind.

Ans: d.

Tap root swollen because they store food called tuberous roots. Example carrot, radish, beetroot.

Some plants have climbing roots which help them get foothold. Money plant has aerial roots which help it to climb up the support.

The banyan tree has aerial roots hanging down from its branches.called prop root. It help in supporting the spreading branches of the tree.

The stem is the strongest part of a tree, its hold the plant upright.in tree is known as trunk.

The leaves make an angle with stem. This angle is called as the axil.

Carrot, beetroot, turnip are modified root but potato is modified stem.

Tuber, bulb, rhizome are modified stem whereas prop is a modified root.

Onion, garlic, tulip are bulb stem whereas potato is tuber stem.

Tuber is a thick enlarged part of a stem that grows underground. It stores food mainly starch for plants for example potato. Whereas ginger is rhizome, onion and garlic is bulb stem.

Rhizome is a horizontal stem it has scaly leaves, buds, node and internodes.

The places on stem where leaves grow are called nodes. The portion on stem between the nodes is called internodes.

The roots are the part of plant that grows into the soil whereas Chlorophyll, Leaves and flowers, Nodes and internode are part of shoot system.

Rhizome, bulb, tuber are modified root whereas cactus is modified stem.

Ans: d.

The broad part of the leaf is called leaf blade or lamina.

The mode of arrangement of leaves on the stem and branches is known as phyllotaxy.

A single leaf arises from each node. Every successive leaf arises in the opposite direction.

Two leaves are attached at a node opposite to each other example, jasmine, guava and calotropis

The leaves of the plant are modified into tendril which are the wiry, coiled structure which help to support the plant.

A leaf with more than one blade is knows as compound leaf. The blades of a compound leaf are called leaflet. Leaf lamina is divided and not a whole.

There are tiny pores on the surface of the leaves. These pores are called stomata.

Leaves make food by the process called photosynthesis.

Leaves of plants like Picher plant are modified to trap insects. These plant are called insectivorous plant.

The flower is the most attractive part of a plant. It is also the reproductive organs of the plant. Root stems, leaf are the vegetative part of plant.

A leaf with more than one blade is knows as compound leaf. The blades of a compound leaf are called leaflet.

The whorl inner to the calyx is called the corolla. It consists of petals. The petals are large and generally coloured.

Each stamen has two parts the stalk called the filaments and anther, which contains pollen grains.

The female part of flower is made up of one and more carpel.

Each stamen has two parts the stalk called the filaments and anther, which contains pollen grains.

The female part of the flower is made up of one or more carpels, sepals is also called Gynoecium.

Ans: d.

Fruit is a ripened ovary of a flowering plant.

Fruit is a mature and ripened ovary of flowering plant, some fruits such as apple, are called false fruits because it grows from receptacle.

Seeds having two seed leaves or cotyledon called dicot seed. For example, pea, mango, beans.

Seed having one seed leaf or cotyledon called, monocot. Seeds having two seed leaves or cotyledon called, dicot seed. For example pea, mango, beans.

The seed has a seed coat which gives a protective covering to the seed. There is a small scar on the seed coat, called hilum.

The spreading or scattering of seed and fruits to faraway places by various agents is called dispersal.

The pollen grain is transferred from one flower to another for cross pollination in many ways they may be carried by wind and water or by insects or other animals.

The outer part portion of the flower consists of a whorl consisting of green leaf like structure called calyx.

Banyan tree flowers are pollinated only by a wasp (called Eupristina masoni). No other insect/wasp can pollinate banyan tree. Hence it is pollinated only in rare case.

A bulb is structurally a short stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy.

A plant that feeds on small animals, such as insects is called fly trap plants. To get the nutrition it needs, the flytrap lures insects, including ants and flies, into the jaws of its trap.

Pollination occurs when pollen is delivered from the stamen of one flower to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.

Spine is the modified leave.

A long thin stem that usually grows horizontally along the ground and produces roots and shoots at widely spaced nodes, as in a strawberry plant.

Pedicle is a part of flower.

Underground tissue of any plant requires oxygen for respiration and in mangrove environment, oxygen in soil is very limited or nil. This necessitates mangrove root system to take up oxygen from the atmosphere. For this purpose, mangrove species have specialized above ground roots called breathing roots.

Stomata are a tiny opening or pore that is used for gas exchange. They are mostly found on the under-surface of plant leaves. Usually open in the day.

Stilt roots are adventitious support roots, common among mangroves. They grow down from lateral branches, branching in the soil.

The pattern in arrangement of veins in the blade of a leaf is called as venation. Two types of venation are reticulate venation and parallel venation.

The part which is seen above the ground is called shoot system. It consist flowers, branches, leaves, stem, bud and fruits.