Chapter – 3 Water Resources
Dam: A barrier across the flowing water. Groundwater:- Water which is obtained from a depth of more than 15 m is known as groundwater.
Multipurpose Project:- A river valley project which serves a number of purposes simultaneously such as irrigation, flood control and generates hydroelectricity. Eg. Bhakra Nangal.
Perennial Canals:Canals developed by diverting water from rivers that flow throughout the year.
Rainwater Harvesting:-it is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater, by constructing structures such as percolating pits, check dams etc.
Drip Irrigation:- A type of irrigation were water gets dropped in the form of drops near the roots of the plant mainly to conserve the moisture.
Inundation Canal:- Canal meant for diverting flood waters mainly during the rainy season.
Rainwater harvesting:- It is a technique developed to store the rainwater, river water or groundwater to meet the needs of the population. River water disputes:- Disputes concerned with the sharing of river water between states flowin through several states in India.
Q.1State the factors responsible for the bad quality of water.
Ans.
i). Pollution of waterbodies by discharge of industrial effluents.Q.2Which river is known as River of sorrow? Why?
Ans.River Damodar is known as Sorrow of Bengal for its fury of floods.
Q.3 Why are multipurpose projects developed after independence?
Ans.Multipurpose projects have been developed after Independence with the objective of integrated water resource management approach that would lead to the development of the nations.
Q.4.State the main objectives of traditional dams.
Ans. Dams were traditionally built to stop rainwater and to impound rivers to provide water for irrigating the fields.
Q.5.How is fresh water obtained?
AnsThe fresh water id obtained from precipitation, surface run off and ground water that is continually being renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle.
Q.6.What is water scarcity? Mention any four factors responsible for water scarcity.
Ans.Storage of water is compared to its demand is knows as water scarcity. Factors responsible:-
i ). Overexploitation of water resources.
