Crop Production and Management

C

Crop

Yes

Plants of same kind that are grown and cultivated at one place on large scale is called a crop

Some of the crop plants are wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, cotton, vegetables, fruits etc.

On the basis of season in which crops are grown they are classified into: Rabi crops and Kharif crops

The crops which are sown in rainy season that is generally from june to September in India are called kharif crops. e.g: cotton, maize, paddy, groundnut etc.

The crops which are sown in winter season that is generally from October to march in India are called rabi crops. e.g: wheat, mustard, gram, pea etc.

Paddy plants requires lot of water for their proper growth and development, thus paddy can be grown in rainy season only and not in winter season.

Plough

Weeds

Seed drill is a tool which is used for sowing seeds with the help of tractors, this tool sows the seeds uniformly and at proper distances and depths in the soil. It ensures that seeds get properly covered by the soil after sowing.

Following are the characteristics of a good quality seed:
It should be clean
It should be healthy and of good variety
It should have high yield
It should be disease resistant

Manures are organic substances obtained from the decomposition of plants and animal wastes which provides lot of humus to the soil. It is very important for the healthy growth of plants.

nutrients

Farmers add manure to the fields to replenish the soil with nutrients and to increase their crop production, this process of adding manures to the field is called manuring.

Fertilisers are chemical substances which are rich in particular nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, they are produced in factories. example: urea, NPK, ammonium sulphate etc.

Rhizobium bacteria

Organic manure is better than fertilisers

Water is very important for proper growth and development of plants, thus for healthy crop growth fields have to be watered regularly, this supply of water to crops at appropriate interval called as irrigation.

Source of irrigation: ponds, lakes, rivers, dams, canals, wells, and tubewells.

Moat Dhekli, Sprinkler system , Drip system

2,4-D

Yes, it may affect the health of sprayer, so he should cover their nose and mouth with a piece of a cloth during spraying of weedicides.

nose and mouth

Cutting of matured crop manually or by machine is called harvesting

In the harvested crops the grain seeds are separated from the chaff, this process is called threshing.

Combine is a machine which is used for harvesting as well as threshing of crops or simply we can say combine is a combined harvester and thresher.

A Harvest Festival is an annual celebration that occurs around the time of the main harvest of a given region. The efforts of the farmer of past season borne fruit in the form of crop, laden with grain, at this point they celebrate harvest festival to express their joy and happiness. Special festivals associated with the harvest season are pongal, Baisakhi, Holi, Diwali, Nabanya and Bihu.

Like plants animals also provide us with large variety of food items for which they are reared at home or in farms. They are provided with proper food, shelter and care, this is called animal husbandry